See wolfish on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "unwolfish"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "wolfishly"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "wolfishness"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*wl̥kʷós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/wl̥kʷós"
],
[
"*wĺ̥kʷos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/wĺ̥kʷos"
],
[
"*wulfaz",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/wulfaz"
],
[
"*wulf",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/wulf"
],
[
"wulf",
"wulf#Old_English"
],
[
"wolf",
"wolf#Middle_English"
],
[
"wolf",
"wolf#English"
],
[
"*-iskos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-iskos#Proto-Indo-European:_pertaining_to"
],
[
"*-iskaz",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/-iskaz#Proto-Germanic:_pertaining_to"
],
[
"*-isk",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/-isk#Proto-West_Germanic:_adjective"
],
[
"-isċ",
"-isc#Old_English:_-ish"
],
[
"-isch",
"-isch#Middle_English:_adjective"
],
[
"-ish",
"-ish#English"
],
[
"wolf",
"wolf#English"
],
[
"-ish",
"-ish#English"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":af",
"3": "wolf",
"4": "-ish",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *wl̥kʷós?\nProto-Indo-European *wĺ̥kʷos\nProto-Germanic *wulfaz\nProto-West Germanic *wulf\nOld English wulf\nMiddle English wolf\nEnglish wolf\nProto-Indo-European *-iskos\nProto-Germanic *-iskaz\nProto-West Germanic *-isk\nOld English -isċ\nMiddle English -isch\nEnglish -ish\nEnglish wolfish\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*wulfaz\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*wulf\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"wulf\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"wolf\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"wolf\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjective\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"-ish\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjective\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"pertaining to\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"pertaining to\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-iskos\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-iskaz\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-isk\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"-isċ\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-isch\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-ish\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"wolfish\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"wolfish\">\nFrom wolf + -ish.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *wl̥kʷós?\nProto-Indo-European *wĺ̥kʷos\nProto-Germanic *wulfaz\nProto-West Germanic *wulf\nOld English wulf\nMiddle English wolf\nEnglish wolf\nProto-Indo-European *-iskos\nProto-Germanic *-iskaz\nProto-West Germanic *-isk\nOld English -isċ\nMiddle English -isch\nEnglish -ish\nEnglish wolfish\nFrom wolf + -ish.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more wolfish",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most wolfish",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "wolvish",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "wolfish (comparative more wolfish, superlative most wolfish)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "31 31 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 31 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 32 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of, like, or pertaining to a wolf."
],
"id": "en-wolfish-en-adj-P3QjqLRj",
"links": [
[
"wolf",
"wolf"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "lupine"
},
{
"word": "wolfy"
},
{
"word": "wolflike"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "31 31 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 31 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 32 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "a wolfish appetite"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
76,
83
]
],
"ref": "1819 December 20 (indicated as 1820), Walter Scott, chapter I, in Ivanhoe; a Romance. […], volume (please specify |volume=I to III), Edinburgh: […] Archibald Constable and Co.; London: Hurst, Robinson, and Co. […], →OCLC:",
"text": "“[…] Here, Fangs! Fangs!” he ejaculated at the top of his voice to a ragged wolfish-looking dog […]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
38,
45
]
],
"ref": "1903 July, Jack London, “The Law of Club and Fang”, in The Call of the Wild, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., →OCLC, page 44:",
"text": "He had never seen dogs fight as these wolfish creatures fought, and his first experience taught him an unforgetable lesson. It is true, it was a vicarious experience, else he would not have lived to profit by it.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of, like, or pertaining to a wolf.",
"Suggestive or characteristic of a wolf."
],
"id": "en-wolfish-en-adj-WnVmex5c",
"links": [
[
"wolf",
"wolf"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "lupine"
},
{
"word": "wolfy"
},
{
"word": "wolflike"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "27 54 19",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "vắlči",
"sense": "having the characteristics or habits of a wolf",
"word": "въ́лчи"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 54 19",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "having the characteristics or habits of a wolf",
"word": "suden-"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 54 19",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "having the characteristics or habits of a wolf",
"word": "susimainen"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 54 19",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "having the characteristics or habits of a wolf",
"word": "de loup"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 54 19",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "having the characteristics or habits of a wolf",
"word": "louvesque"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 54 19",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "having the characteristics or habits of a wolf",
"word": "wilczy"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 54 19",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "vólčij",
"sense": "having the characteristics or habits of a wolf",
"word": "во́лчий"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "22 22 55",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries referencing pages with etymology sections missing etymons",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 31 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 31 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 32 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 23 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 19 62",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -ish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 20 61",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 20 60",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 22 56",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 21 58",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 25 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 27 45",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 17 66",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 18 64",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 14 71",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 16 67",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 16 68",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 14 72",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Fierce; menacing; savage."
],
"id": "en-wolfish-en-adj-UMzj9XHS",
"links": [
[
"Fierce",
"fierce"
],
[
"menacing",
"menacing#Adjective"
],
[
"savage",
"savage#Adjective"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "barbaric"
},
{
"word": "barbarous"
},
{
"word": "truculent"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:savage",
"word": "animalistic"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:savage",
"word": "barbarian"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:savage",
"word": "barbaric"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:savage",
"tags": [
"dated",
"literary"
],
"word": "barbarious"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:savage",
"word": "barbarous"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:savage",
"word": "brutal"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:savage",
"word": "brutish"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:savage",
"tags": [
"figuratively"
],
"word": "Gothic"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:savage",
"word": "Gothlike"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:savage",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "grim"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:savage",
"word": "heathen"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:savage",
"word": "heathenish"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:savage",
"word": "heathenly"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:savage",
"word": "heathenous"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:savage",
"tags": [
"rare"
],
"word": "incivil"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:savage",
"tags": [
"derogatory"
],
"word": "pagan"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:savage",
"word": "savage"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:savage",
"tags": [
"figuratively"
],
"word": "tenebrose"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:savage",
"word": "truculent"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:savage",
"word": "uncivil"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:savage",
"word": "uncivilized"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:savage",
"word": "uncouth"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:savage",
"word": "uncultivated"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:savage",
"word": "uncultured"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:savage",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "uplandish"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:savage",
"word": "wolfish"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 99",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "vắlči",
"sense": "fierce, menacing, savage",
"word": "въ́лчи"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 99",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "fierce, menacing, savage",
"word": "petomainen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 99",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "fierce, menacing, savage",
"word": "menaçant"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 99",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "fierce, menacing, savage",
"word": "féroce"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 99",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "fierce, menacing, savage",
"word": "sauvage"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈwʊlfiʃ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈwʊlviʃ/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-wolfish.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/43/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Flame%2C_not_lame-wolfish.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Flame%2C_not_lame-wolfish.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/43/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Flame%2C_not_lame-wolfish.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Flame%2C_not_lame-wolfish.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"homophone": "Woolfish"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "28 35 37",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "vắlči",
"sense": "pertaining to wolves",
"word": "въ́лчи"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 35 37",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "pertaining to wolves",
"word": "suden-"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 35 37",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "pertaining to wolves",
"word": "susi-"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 35 37",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "pertaining to wolves",
"topics": [
"technical",
"engineering",
"physical-sciences",
"natural-sciences",
"scientific",
"sciences"
],
"word": "lupin"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 35 37",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "pertaining to wolves",
"word": "louvesque"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 35 37",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "vólčij",
"sense": "pertaining to wolves",
"word": "во́лчий"
},
{
"_dis1": "28 35 37",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "vóvčyj",
"sense": "pertaining to wolves",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "во́вчий"
}
],
"word": "wolfish"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English entries referencing pages with etymology sections missing etymons",
"English entries with etymology texts",
"English entries with etymology trees",
"English entries with etymon",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *wĺ̥kʷos",
"English terms suffixed with -ish",
"English terms with homophones",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "unwolfish"
},
{
"word": "wolfishly"
},
{
"word": "wolfishness"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*wl̥kʷós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/wl̥kʷós"
],
[
"*wĺ̥kʷos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/wĺ̥kʷos"
],
[
"*wulfaz",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/wulfaz"
],
[
"*wulf",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/wulf"
],
[
"wulf",
"wulf#Old_English"
],
[
"wolf",
"wolf#Middle_English"
],
[
"wolf",
"wolf#English"
],
[
"*-iskos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-iskos#Proto-Indo-European:_pertaining_to"
],
[
"*-iskaz",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/-iskaz#Proto-Germanic:_pertaining_to"
],
[
"*-isk",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/-isk#Proto-West_Germanic:_adjective"
],
[
"-isċ",
"-isc#Old_English:_-ish"
],
[
"-isch",
"-isch#Middle_English:_adjective"
],
[
"-ish",
"-ish#English"
],
[
"wolf",
"wolf#English"
],
[
"-ish",
"-ish#English"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":af",
"3": "wolf",
"4": "-ish",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *wl̥kʷós?\nProto-Indo-European *wĺ̥kʷos\nProto-Germanic *wulfaz\nProto-West Germanic *wulf\nOld English wulf\nMiddle English wolf\nEnglish wolf\nProto-Indo-European *-iskos\nProto-Germanic *-iskaz\nProto-West Germanic *-isk\nOld English -isċ\nMiddle English -isch\nEnglish -ish\nEnglish wolfish\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*wulfaz\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*wulf\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"wulf\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"wolf\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"wolf\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjective\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"-ish\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjective\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"pertaining to\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"pertaining to\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-iskos\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-iskaz\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-isk\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"-isċ\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-isch\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-ish\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"wolfish\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"wolfish\">\nFrom wolf + -ish.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *wl̥kʷós?\nProto-Indo-European *wĺ̥kʷos\nProto-Germanic *wulfaz\nProto-West Germanic *wulf\nOld English wulf\nMiddle English wolf\nEnglish wolf\nProto-Indo-European *-iskos\nProto-Germanic *-iskaz\nProto-West Germanic *-isk\nOld English -isċ\nMiddle English -isch\nEnglish -ish\nEnglish wolfish\nFrom wolf + -ish.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more wolfish",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most wolfish",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "wolvish",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "wolfish (comparative more wolfish, superlative most wolfish)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Of, like, or pertaining to a wolf."
],
"links": [
[
"wolf",
"wolf"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "lupine"
},
{
"word": "wolfy"
},
{
"word": "wolflike"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "a wolfish appetite"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
76,
83
]
],
"ref": "1819 December 20 (indicated as 1820), Walter Scott, chapter I, in Ivanhoe; a Romance. […], volume (please specify |volume=I to III), Edinburgh: […] Archibald Constable and Co.; London: Hurst, Robinson, and Co. […], →OCLC:",
"text": "“[…] Here, Fangs! Fangs!” he ejaculated at the top of his voice to a ragged wolfish-looking dog […]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
38,
45
]
],
"ref": "1903 July, Jack London, “The Law of Club and Fang”, in The Call of the Wild, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., →OCLC, page 44:",
"text": "He had never seen dogs fight as these wolfish creatures fought, and his first experience taught him an unforgetable lesson. It is true, it was a vicarious experience, else he would not have lived to profit by it.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of, like, or pertaining to a wolf.",
"Suggestive or characteristic of a wolf."
],
"links": [
[
"wolf",
"wolf"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "lupine"
},
{
"word": "wolfy"
},
{
"word": "wolflike"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Fierce; menacing; savage."
],
"links": [
[
"Fierce",
"fierce"
],
[
"menacing",
"menacing#Adjective"
],
[
"savage",
"savage#Adjective"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "barbaric"
},
{
"word": "barbarous"
},
{
"word": "truculent"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:savage",
"word": "animalistic"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:savage",
"word": "barbarian"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:savage",
"word": "barbaric"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:savage",
"tags": [
"dated",
"literary"
],
"word": "barbarious"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:savage",
"word": "barbarous"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:savage",
"word": "brutal"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:savage",
"word": "brutish"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:savage",
"tags": [
"figuratively"
],
"word": "Gothic"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:savage",
"word": "Gothlike"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:savage",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "grim"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:savage",
"word": "heathen"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:savage",
"word": "heathenish"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:savage",
"word": "heathenly"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:savage",
"word": "heathenous"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:savage",
"tags": [
"rare"
],
"word": "incivil"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:savage",
"tags": [
"derogatory"
],
"word": "pagan"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:savage",
"word": "savage"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:savage",
"tags": [
"figuratively"
],
"word": "tenebrose"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:savage",
"word": "truculent"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:savage",
"word": "uncivil"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:savage",
"word": "uncivilized"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:savage",
"word": "uncouth"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:savage",
"word": "uncultivated"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:savage",
"word": "uncultured"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:savage",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "uplandish"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:savage",
"word": "wolfish"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈwʊlfiʃ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈwʊlviʃ/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-wolfish.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/43/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Flame%2C_not_lame-wolfish.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Flame%2C_not_lame-wolfish.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/43/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Flame%2C_not_lame-wolfish.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Flame%2C_not_lame-wolfish.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"homophone": "Woolfish"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "vắlči",
"sense": "pertaining to wolves",
"word": "въ́лчи"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "pertaining to wolves",
"word": "suden-"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "pertaining to wolves",
"word": "susi-"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "pertaining to wolves",
"topics": [
"technical",
"engineering",
"physical-sciences",
"natural-sciences",
"scientific",
"sciences"
],
"word": "lupin"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "pertaining to wolves",
"word": "louvesque"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "vólčij",
"sense": "pertaining to wolves",
"word": "во́лчий"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "vóvčyj",
"sense": "pertaining to wolves",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "во́вчий"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "vắlči",
"sense": "having the characteristics or habits of a wolf",
"word": "въ́лчи"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "having the characteristics or habits of a wolf",
"word": "suden-"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "having the characteristics or habits of a wolf",
"word": "susimainen"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "having the characteristics or habits of a wolf",
"word": "de loup"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "having the characteristics or habits of a wolf",
"word": "louvesque"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "having the characteristics or habits of a wolf",
"word": "wilczy"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "vólčij",
"sense": "having the characteristics or habits of a wolf",
"word": "во́лчий"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "vắlči",
"sense": "fierce, menacing, savage",
"word": "въ́лчи"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "fierce, menacing, savage",
"word": "petomainen"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "fierce, menacing, savage",
"word": "menaçant"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "fierce, menacing, savage",
"word": "féroce"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "fierce, menacing, savage",
"word": "sauvage"
}
],
"word": "wolfish"
}
Download raw JSONL data for wolfish meaning in All languages combined (11.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (1a05e46 and e3d6d4e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.